Pokemon Expression in Malignant Glioma
Pokemon Expression in Malignant Glioma
Object: In this report the authors review the role of bioinformatics in the design of a research project in which the molecular genetics of malignant glioma were studied. A project to characterize Pokemon expression in malignant glioma was developed, refined, and implemented using bioinformatics Methods.
Methods: Using the resources available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence for Pokemon was determined. With this information and online primer design tools, novel primers were designed that would specifically amplify Pokemon mRNA by using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction assays.
Conclusions: The promise of bioinformatics is in the rapid and widespread dissemination and analysis of genomic information. This information is then used in research investigating the genetic basis of disease. In this paper the authors review the bioinformatics Methods used in their study of Pokemon expression in malignant glioma.
Bioinformatics has been variously defined, although in general it includes the mathematical modeling of biological processes and molecular structures as well as the creation of databases in which to store biological information, especially genetic data (see http://bioinformatics.org/faq/). Undoubtedly, the greatest achievement involving bioinformatics to date has been the Human Genome Project, which was completed in 2003. Now that we have entered the postgenomic era, bioinformatics Methods are shifting from data acquisition to data analysis. This is in keeping with the National Human Genome Research Institute's vision of genomics research: "translating the information and resources generated by the Human Genome Project into medical value" (http://www.genome.gov/11006873).
Beginning in the fall of 2004, plans were made to develop a Brain Tumor Center in Upper Michigan. In addition to clinical treatment and patient advocacy programs, we wanted to develop a basic science research program to study the molecular genetics of malignant gliomas to guide treatment.
In January 2005, the protooncogene Pokemon was described. Pokemon represses the transcription of the tumor suppressor p14ARF in humans (p19ARF in mouse), and has been shown to be highly expressed in human lymphomas and in breast, lung, colon, prostate, and bladder carcinomas. Pokemon expression in malignant glioma has not been described.
We hypothesized that Pokemon expression was important in gliomagenesis. The following points, identified through a bioinformatics process, support our hypothesis and led to our study of Pokemon expression in adult human glioma.
Bioinformatics Methods are thus important in the generation and refinement of the project goals, and as will be seen later, are crucial in the development of the experimental techniques necessary to study the problem.
Object: In this report the authors review the role of bioinformatics in the design of a research project in which the molecular genetics of malignant glioma were studied. A project to characterize Pokemon expression in malignant glioma was developed, refined, and implemented using bioinformatics Methods.
Methods: Using the resources available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence for Pokemon was determined. With this information and online primer design tools, novel primers were designed that would specifically amplify Pokemon mRNA by using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction assays.
Conclusions: The promise of bioinformatics is in the rapid and widespread dissemination and analysis of genomic information. This information is then used in research investigating the genetic basis of disease. In this paper the authors review the bioinformatics Methods used in their study of Pokemon expression in malignant glioma.
Bioinformatics has been variously defined, although in general it includes the mathematical modeling of biological processes and molecular structures as well as the creation of databases in which to store biological information, especially genetic data (see http://bioinformatics.org/faq/). Undoubtedly, the greatest achievement involving bioinformatics to date has been the Human Genome Project, which was completed in 2003. Now that we have entered the postgenomic era, bioinformatics Methods are shifting from data acquisition to data analysis. This is in keeping with the National Human Genome Research Institute's vision of genomics research: "translating the information and resources generated by the Human Genome Project into medical value" (http://www.genome.gov/11006873).
Beginning in the fall of 2004, plans were made to develop a Brain Tumor Center in Upper Michigan. In addition to clinical treatment and patient advocacy programs, we wanted to develop a basic science research program to study the molecular genetics of malignant gliomas to guide treatment.
In January 2005, the protooncogene Pokemon was described. Pokemon represses the transcription of the tumor suppressor p14ARF in humans (p19ARF in mouse), and has been shown to be highly expressed in human lymphomas and in breast, lung, colon, prostate, and bladder carcinomas. Pokemon expression in malignant glioma has not been described.
We hypothesized that Pokemon expression was important in gliomagenesis. The following points, identified through a bioinformatics process, support our hypothesis and led to our study of Pokemon expression in adult human glioma.
ZBTB7A is the gene coding for Pokemon
ZBTB7A is located at chromosome 19p13.3.
Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of gliomas revealed high-level gains of the 19p13.3 locus in GBM tissue.
The 19p gain is seen in 50% of tissue samples obtained in short-term survivors of GBM and in 15% of samples in the long-term survivors studied.
Inactivation of p14ARF was noted in 50% of primary and 75% of secondary GBMs.
Bioinformatics Methods are thus important in the generation and refinement of the project goals, and as will be seen later, are crucial in the development of the experimental techniques necessary to study the problem.
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